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Essay on “Secularism in India” Complete Essay for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Secularism in India

Best 6 Essay on “Secularism in India”

Essay No. 01

India is a secular country. Secularism means that everybody enjoys complete religious freedom. The government will not compel anybody to adopt any particular religion. Religious freedom is our fundamental right and it is written in our constitution. Everybody has the freedom to propagate any religion, to adopt any religion, or construct any religious building. No particular religion or construct any religious boiling. No particular religion will be taught in school textbooks. India is a country of different religions. Therefore, secularism is the only process in which different cultures can live and develop peacefully in this country.  

Every citizen is free in his religious matters. All religions are treated equally. That is why there is a cordial relationship amongst the people having different religions. There is no religious distinction in government jobs. In India, minority communities enjoy greater religious freedom. They are allowed to live their life according to their customs and nobody can force their views on them. They have an equal right to vote and send their representatives to the parliament and other law-making agencies.

India is proud of this system of secular life. A country with such diverse cultural and religious fragments can do well only under a secular democratic set- up. A fundamentalist attitude in governance can split it up into small entities thus breaking the high values of its integrity. All the people belonging to different religious sects form parts of the important political parties or groups and stand untitled together whereas a problem of national integrity or security confronts us from within our country or outside. Some fanatics in every religion cause great miseries to those people who belong to other victims to these fanatics. Sometimes the politicians use religion as their tool to arouse the emotions of the people for religious conflicts. They poison the mind of the people for their selfish ends. Communal riots are an example of their bad shameful deeds. The citizens should not be misled in this way. They should live respecting other religions.     

 

Essay No. 02

 

Indian Secularism

India is a Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic. The Constitution of India guarantees its citizens full freedom in matters of religious faith. One of the fundamental rights given by the Indian Constitution is the right to freedom of conscience and free profession, practice, and propagation of religion. But there is a lot of confusion about Indian secularism. The secular character of India means that there is no state religion. The Government does not favor any particular religion or sect. In the eyes of the law, all religions and their followers are equal. There is no discrimination on the basis of religion, faith, caste, deed, race, sex, etc. There is complete religious freedom. The Government neither favors nor opposes any religion. It regards religion and its practice as a personal affair of the citizens.

But it never means India is anti-religion, or irreligious, or indifferent to religion. It only means the Indian Government is neutral in matters of different faiths and religions. India is inhabited by various races, castes, communities, and followers of different religions. There are the Hindus, the Muslims, the Christians, the Sikhs, the Jains, the Buddhists, the Jews, the Parsis, and others. This diversity of religions is a unique feature of India. All these religions have been flourishing side by side for centuries. Thus, it is in the fitness of things that India is a secular country. It signifies religious tolerance, amity, and a feeling of oneness in spite of large variety.

Basically, India has always been religiously a federal nation. There have existed many different faiths and religions since the hoary past. In Hinduism itself, there are hundreds of sects following different religious practices, rites, and rituals. Sometimes the difference between one sect from the other is as wide as that between one religion and the other. India has been the birthplace of such great religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism. The majority of the Indian “population consists of the Hindus, but the followers of other religions enjoy equal rights and privileges. The religious life in India represents a complete but wonderful pattern. Jainism and Buddhism, the offshoots of Hinduism, marked the first great revolt against many useless and irrelevant rituals and rites. Muslims in India form the largest religious minority. India is one of the largest Islamic nations.

The Christian church in South India is much older than the coming of Islam in India. St. Thomas, one of the first twelve disciples of Christ, was the first preacher of Christianity in India. The Parsis came in the 8th Century seeking refuge in India from religious persecution in Iran. The Jews came earlier about 2000 years ago. Thus, India has been a country of many faiths and religions from the very beginning. India has always followed the policy of religious tolerance, co-existence, harmony, and peace. India is secular and yet profoundly religious. The law of the country guarantees all its citizens’ freedom of faith and worship. One can follow and preach any religion as long as it does not interfere with the religious freedom and rights of other people. It is in keeping with the history and construction of Indian society that we follow a secular policy and allow complete freedom in matters of religious faith and preaching. Even non-believers and atheists have the same equality before the law as do the others professing certain faiths and religions. Pt. Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India considered religion as a means of inner development of the individual. He explained secularism in very clear terms. Once he said, `We shall proceed on secular and national lines. India will be land as in the past, of so many faiths, equally honored and respected, but of one national outlook, not I hope, a narrow nationalism living in its own shell but rather the tolerant, creative nationalism which believing in itself and the genius of the people, takes full part in the establishment of international order”.

Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation, under whose worthy leadership we achieved freedom, was deeply religious but had great respect for all religions and faiths. Ultimately he died for the cause of religious and communal tolerance and harmony which are the basis of true secularism. Even if India had not been declared a secular country, she would have remained secular in spirit. The Hindus and Hinduism regard different religions as different paths leading to the same, Ultimate Reality. The Indian saints have time and again declared that all religions are good and aim at man’s salvation and spiritual progress. The Vedas, the ancient most spiritual documents of mankind have said that God is one, but sages call it by various names.

The fathers of the Indian Constitution did not believe Mandan) theory of religion as the opiate of the masses, but they believed that religion is personal, so declared India a Secular State. Recently there have been so much communal hatred, fights, and tension in India. It is mainly because of the narrow selfish and parochial interests of certain political parties. The people of India, by and large, are secular, peaceful, and believe in secularism. These politicians are to blame for communal and religious riots because they have had been using different communities as their vote-banks.

 

Essay No. 03

 

Secularism in India

India  went  in  for  secularism  at  the  time  of  Independence because she  wanted  to  offer  equal  status  to  all  religions.  The  framers  of the  Constitution  had  visualized  a  peaceful  and  united  India over  the  years,  different  communities  have  developed  hostile attitude  towards  each  other.  There  have  been  communal  riots leading  to  deaths  and  destruction  of  property.  Certain  steps  to check  the  divisive  forces  which  lead  to  communal  riots  are essential  to  preserve  the  integrity  of  the country.

The  Constitution  of  India  specifically  lays  down  that  no  citizen  of the  country  shall  be  discriminated  against  on  the  basis  of  community, caste  or    Creed.  It  clearly  states  that  all  people  shall  have  the  freedom to  practice  the religion  of  their  choice,  without  any  interference  from the  State.  The  State  shall  not  uphold  any  particular  religion  as  its  own. Thus  the  secular  character  of  the  Indian  polity  was  recognized  and confirmed  at  the  time  of  the  inception  of  the  country.

In  spite  of  the  several divisive  forces  at  work,  India  has  been  successful in  maintaining  its  secular  character.  A  round  of  any  city  of  India  will convince  one  that  secularism  obtains  in  the  land.  One  would  come across  temples,  mosques,  gurudwaras,  and  churches,  nestling  close  to each  other.  People of different communities participate in  each  other’s religious  festivals.  They  partake  of  the  sheer  joy  that  comes  out  of fellow-feeling  and  innocent  camaraderie.  They live  together  as  equal citizens  of  a  free  India.

The reason  for  the  country’s  adopting  a  secular  set-up  for  the  people lies  basically  in  the  Indian  culture.  The  Indian  culture  postulates reverence  not  only  for  One own  religion  but  also  respect  and  tolerance for  other  religions.  The  Indian  culture  is in  fact the  composite  product of  experiences  over  the  centuries  On  a  soil  which  gave  shelter  to  and nurtured  a  variety  of  communities.  Besides,  the  partition  of  the  country was  accepted by  the  father  of  the  Indian  National  Movement.  They  did so  not  because  they  disliked  a  particular  community,  but because  it was insisted upon  by the  then  Muslim  leaders.  Actually,  our  national leaders  looked  upon  the  Muslims  in  India  as  part,  and  parcel of the Indian  civilization  and  culture.  Therefore,  they  were  happy  to  retain a part  of  toe  Muslim  population  even  after  the  partition.

No  profession  is  barred  to  members  of  any  community  in  India.  Even the  police  and  the  army  have  members  of  the  minority  communities. Not  only  that,  in  the  past  wars  with  Pakistan,  Indian  Muslims  in  the army  and  the  Air  Force  and  also  the,  Christians  achieved  spectacular successes,  and  made  sacrifices  for  the  country.  Also  the  competitive examinations  like  I.A.S.,  I.E.S. (Indian  Economic  Service)  and (Indian  Railway  Service)  and  the  like  are  open  to  all.  Anyone  fulfilling the  merit  eligibility  is  allowed  to  join  the  service.

Another  reason  why  the  Indian  Constitution  framers  decided  to  go for  secularism  was  that they  wanted  India  to  be  a  democratic  State. The  concept  of  democracy  envisages  freedom  to  the  citizens  in  all  their activities.  So  much  so,  the  different  types  of  freedom   are  made, inviolable  by  having  been enshrined  in  the  Constitution  under  the headings  Fundamental  Rights. Any  other  character  for  the  Indian  polity other  than  the  secular  would  have  been  incompatible  with  the  concept   of  democracy.

However,  this  is  not  to  say  that all  communities  have  always  lived peace  all  over  the  country.  Hindu-Muslim  riots  have  several  times  broken out  in  different  parts  of  the  country.  Sometimes these  riots  have  caused considerable  damage  to  human  lives  and  property.  Places  like  Aligarh Muzaffarnagar, Meerut  and  Hyderabad  have  been  particularly  vulnerable to  communal  tensions  and  have  been  afflicted  by  communal disturbances.  Communal  riots  in  Bhiwandi (near  Bombay)  and  the consequent  toll  of  human   lives   and  destruction  of  property  are  a  case in  point.  Anti-Sikh  riots  took  place  in  November 1984,  leading  to thousands of  deaths  and  huge  loss  of  property.  The  riots  broke  out  all over  the  country  after  the  assassination  of  the  then  Prime  Minister  Mrs. Indira  Gandhi  by  two  of  her  security  guards.

But  a  dispassionate  and  objective  analysis  of  the  riots  has  thrown  up certain  interesting  and  revealing  bits  of  information. These  facts  refute the  criticism  as  to  the  validity  of  maintaining  secularism  in  the country. The  investigating  teams,  and  the  judicial  enquiries.  have  brought  to the fore the  causes  that  lead  to  the  communal  tension  and  riots.  It  was discovered  that  often  anti-social  elements  and  goondas  from  the  two communities  are  at  the  back  of  these  riots.  They  first  engineer  a  Minot clash  to  begin  with.   Then  they   go  about  fraying  the  tempers of  their respective communities.  They thus succeed  in  exciting  them  to  acts of violence  and  revenge,  Obviously,  they  do  so  because  they  are  the ones  who  stand  to  gain  from  the  disorder  and  breakdown  of  law  and order.  When  the  riots  are  on,  they go  about  looting  the  property indulge  in  arson  and  they take  away  a  lot of  goods  belonging  to  the rival  community.  This  further  inflames  the  situation  and  the  two communities  get  to  each  other s  throat  with  enraged  feelings.

Many  a  time,  a  misunderstanding  over  a  trifle”  has  also  led  to  communal, tension.  For  example,  a  cycle  rider  of  one  community  accidentally  hitting r  a  member  of  the  other  community,  may  spark  off  a  riot.  This  happens, because  his  totally  innocent  action  is  misunderstood  to  be  intentional. Once  the  youth  of  the  two  communities  get  incited,  there  is  no  stopping them.  By  the  time  the   police  reach  the  spot  and  try  to  bring  the  situation under  control,  a  few  heads  have  rolled  and  some  property  has  been destroyed.

One  of  the  most  chronic  causes  of  the  communal  riots  is  the manoeuvring  by  politicians  to  political  advantage  out  of  the  hostility between  the  two  communities.  Each  political  party  wants  to  create  and maintain  vote  banks  for  the  purpose  of  winning  elections.  To this end, they incite communal  feelings.  They  keep  reminding  the  people  of their communal  identity  so  that  they  could  exploit  the  communal  feelings  of voters  at  the  time  of  elections.  That  is  why,  we  find,  each  political, party  fields  a  Muslim,  candidate  from  the  Muslim  dominated  area  and  a Hindu  candidate.  from  the  area  where  the  Hindus  are  in  majority.  These candidates,  having  won  on  communal  votes,  many  a  time  find  it  difficult to  rise  above  sectarian feelings.  They  tend  to  think  in  terms   of  looking after  their  constituencies on  communal  lines.  The  Bhiwandi  riots  were reportedly  engineered  by  motivated    politicians  who  wished  to make their  presence  felt  by  their  opponents.  It  is  a  pity   though,  that  the secular  nature  of  the  Indian  fabric  is  sought  to  be  damaged  by  the  vested  interests  for  their  narrow  individual  ends.  The  communal  tension between  the  Hindus  and  the  Sikhs  in  India  is  also  political  in  nature. Left  to  themselves,  the  Sikhs  and  the  Hindus  have  always  lived  in peace.  Their  culture,  religion  and   values  teach  the  same  norms  of  behavior.

However, the  redeeming  feature.  is  that  these  .riots  last  only  a  short time.  Life  does  return normalcy  and  the  two communities  begin  to live  in  peace.  This  becomes  possible,  because  basically,  there is  no  ill-will   between  the  Hindus  and  Muslims  or  the  Sikhs  and  the  Hindus.  By and   large, they  have  been  living  together  and sharing  each  other s  joys,  and  sorrows.  If  there   had  not  been  essential  fellow  feeling,  the  different communities  could  not  have  lived  together  for  decades  and  the v communal tension  would  have  been  a  permanent  feature.

Secularism can be further strengthened by the leaders of the two communities taking upon themselves to instill feelings of brotherhood and friendliness among their respective communities. They should form peace committees whose responsibility should be to see to it that the minor incidents are not misunderstood and do not flare up into riots.

 

Essay No. 04

Secularism  in India

India is the home of many religions. Here Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Jainism, etc, have thrived side by side. The instances of religious bigotry and persecution are rare in the history of India. On the other hand, the persecuted people from other countries got refuge in this country. It would have been unwise to violate the ancient traditions of tolerance and magnanimity. Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation, dedicated all his life to the unity of the Hindus and Muslims. He laid down his life for the noble cause and the nation could not be so ungrateful as to throw his teachings over-board and carve out a patch, which was entirely different from his noble teachings and ancient Indian traditions. Gandhiji has left an indelible imprint on the mind of the present generation and the Gandhian philosophy will continue to be a beacon light to posterity.

Again, the world has progressed with the advancement of Knowledge. Every modern State professes faith in democracy which stands for equal rights for all citizens, irrespective of their sex, caste or creed. To make India a theocratic state would certainly have been a retrograde step.

Secularism as a political concept is the result of the evolution of progressive thought. In the past religion held sway even in the political affairs of the States in Europe and religious bigotry led to internecine quarrels and mutual war-fare. Thousands of people were burned at the stake as heretics. But with the progress of science free thinking was stimulated. It was realized that differences in religious views were not incompatible with loyalty to the State. Politics ceased to be the handmaid of religion and religion withdrew itself to private life. The States stopped discrimination on religious grounds and conferred equal rights on all the citizens irrespective of their religious views. It would have been barbarous for India to repeat history by making religion the sole guide in all spheres in the Age of Democracy.

India is the home of many communities. If she is to command loyalty from all her people, she must profess secular-ism. The majority community should not reduce the people of other communities to second-class citizens. All the citizens must enjoy equal rights and there should be no temptation to any citizen to divide his loyalty on religious grounds. It is secularism which can give a sense of security to the religious minorities and exact allegiance from them to the country. A State associated with a religion creates fears and uncertainties in the mind of the minorities. In Pakistan which is a theocratic State, there has been systematic extermination of the Hindus and this has created fear in the mind of the minority communities. A theocratic State inevitably leads to divided loyalty.

Lastly, it is because of secularism that India has maintained friendly relations with the Muslim countries in the Middle East and South East Asia and won an honourable place for herself in the comity of nations.

 

Essay No. 05

 

Secularism in India

India is unique in being a secular nation. It is a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic. The Indian Constitution guarantees its citizens full freedom in matters of religious faith. One of the fundamental rights and freedom granted to all citizens, individually and collectively, is the “right to freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.” Moreover, every section of the society has the “right to conserve its culture, language or script and right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.” This freedom of culture, conscience and faith is one of the basic cornerstones of Indian democracy. But there is much confusion and misunderstanding about the secular character of India. Sometimes it may be construed that India is anti-religious, irreligious or indifferent to religion. However, Indian secularism is totally different in its meaning and content. It only means that there is no state religion. There is no favour to any particular religion and its followers. All religions and their followers are equal in the eyes of law. There is neither favour nor hostility towards any faith. It only means that the state is neutral in the matter of religious faith and its propagation. There cannot be any discrimination on the basis of religion, faith, caste, creed, race, sex, community, and language, etc. There is complete religious freedom unless it interferes in the freedom of other religions. Here in India, religion and its practice has been recognised as a personal and private affair. But it never means public and collective religious functions, etc., cannot be held. It only means that there is no state patronage or opposition to any particular religion.

India is a vast country, with more than a billion people _pf various faiths, religious sects, and cultures, etc. Its staggering diversity has been a mighty unifying factor to make it a strong and unified nation. There are various races, castes communities and religions co-existing in peace and harmony for many centuries. There are Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Jains, Parsis, Christians, Buddhists, Jews and a host of others. Hindus are in majority, forming over 82% of the total population. The Muslims are the single largest minority and constitute over 11% of the total population. Next come the Christians and the Sikhs. The communal intolerance and fight between the Hindus and the Muslims has been a legacy of the Britishers. They followed the policy of divide and rule and this ultimately led to the partition of the sub-continent into India and Pakistan at the time of Independence in 1947. Millions of Muslims left India for good and migrated to the newly formed Pakistan and yet millions of them stayed back in India, being assured of their security, safety and religious freedom. In post-independent India, the Hindu-Muslim conflict has been more or less backed and sponsored by certain vested interests. Hindus and Muslims, by and large, are tolerant and co-operative and like to co-exist in peace, harmony and respect for each other.

Secularism is the very essence of Indian democracy. It reflects the ancient Indian tradition of religious tolerance, co-operation and mutual respect for one another. Islam came to India with the Muslim conquests. The Muslims in India make it one of the largest Islamic nations. The contribution of Islam towards India’s culture and civilisation has been very significant and lasting. It has added colour, variety, strength and richness to Indian heritage and culture. The Christian Church here is much older than Islam. St. Thomas, one of the twelve Disciples of Christ, was the first preacher of Christianity in India. He was a contemporary of St. Peter in Rome. The Parsis came in the eighth century, seeking refuge from religious persecution in Iran and brought Zoroastrianism. The Jews came quite early, about 2,000 years ago and settled down chiefly in Mumbai, Pune, Kochi and Delhi. In Hinduism itself, there are hundreds of sects following different religious practices, rites, rituals, and manners of worship and prayer. Sometimes the difference between one sect from the other may be as wide as that between one religion and the other. This religious diversity represents a complete and wonderful pattern of unity, integrity and wholeness.

India has been always secular and yet profoundly religious. It is in keeping with this eternal spirit that our Constitutional fathers declared India a secular state, without any discrimination on the basis of faith and religion among other things. It was a great Indian value upheld by these leaders of great wisdom in the larger interest of India and its teeming millions. The secular character of Indian polity was further strengthened under the great leadership of Mahatma Gandhi during the struggle for independence. Himself a deeply religious Hindu, he had a great respect for all other religions and faiths. Ultimately, he died at the altar of British imperialism, based on religious divide and intolerance and for the cause of religious tolerance, communal harmony, which forms the very foundation of true secularism.

There have been communal and religious riots, conflicts and conflagrations during the last 50 years of our independence but mainly because of certain vested political and sectarian interests. These politicians and their parties have been using different communities as their vote banks. Lack of education, enlightenment, economical advancement, scientific temper, and existence of orthodoxy and obscurantism, aided and abetted by certain fanatic, fundamentalist and narrow-minded elements have been the main causes of communal disharmony in India. A majority of Muslims are still backward, illiterate, superstitious and unaware of modern, economic, scientific and technological advances. They are being exploited by some religious fanatics and so called political leaders to grind their own axe. Among the Hindus also there are sections of people subject to such exploitation. They become easy tools in the hands of these bigots and indulge in communal conflicts. There is an urgent need to be aware of these anti-social and anti-secular forces so that they may be exposed and effectively checkmated. The economic and cultural backwardness of these sections should be removed. They should be brought into the national mainstream so as to eliminate their self-imposed isolation, alienation and backwardness. It is natural that these economically weak and vulnerable sections should succumb to narrow sectarian pressures and rise in revolt in the name of religion against those who are better off and belong to the other community and faith. Removal of unemployment and backwardness, more equal distribution of national wealth and removal of imbalances in economic development of various communities only can ensure real and lasting secularism. It cannot prosper in poverty, economic discrimination, backwardness and slums because then the communities or people suffering from these evils can easily become prey to fundamentalist and reactionary communal forces in the country. We should not allow these communal forces to undermine our secular spirit, religious tolerance, peace, harmony, co-existence and respect for each other. No political leader or party should be allowed to raise the bogey of religion or community. Religion is a personal affair and has nothing to do with the day-to-day national affairs. In our public and social life, we should be guided only by national interests. Nation should always come first. All religions teach tolerance, peace, harmony, co-operation and respect for other religions and faiths. No truly religious person will ever indulge in communal violence, hatred or rioting.

Communal riots and clashes are a big hindrance in national integration, unity and economic development. Many a time, communal riots break out because of slackness on the part of the administration, police and law-enforcement agencies. Special task forces, committees, societies, and clubs, etc., should be established to face this menace. More and more people of different communities should be involved in the work of promoting religious harmony and secularism. The agents of fanaticism, narrow, vested, political and communal interests should be dealt with sternly. Communal disturbances and riots in India are aberrations, in which the weak and the poor suffer most. They ‘should be checked, minimized and rooted out at the earliest. Communal flare-ups and riots are not always between the Hindus and the Muslims, but sometimes they are also between Sunnis and Shia groups or two different groups belonging to the Hindu community. But they all have their roots in ignorance, obscurantism and lack of proper understanding of their respective religions and their tenets and teachings. The virus of communalism should be weeded out by all means because it is a great obstacle in the way of secularisation of our polity, on which ultimately our unity, integrity, solidarity and progress ultimately depends.

Essay No. 06

Secularism in India

Secularism is the very soul ofIndian society and the democracy. India has a tradition of co-existence, tolerance, co-operation and mutual respect between all its social and religious groups. Islam came to India with Muslim conquerors. A large number of natives turned Muslims over the period and presently they make the second largest community of our nation. The contribution of Islam to Indian culture and civilisation has been spectacular. It added variety, colour and richness to native heritage. Islam enriched India with architectural wonders, the most precious being ‘Tajmahal’, the symbol of aesthetic India. Christianity had preceded Islam to India. St. Thomas, the twelve disciples of Christ arrived in India to preach his message when St. Peter was in Rome. Paris came to India in 8th century to escape from religious persecution in Iran. They brought Zoroastrianism. Jews sailed to India 2000 year ago to settle down in Mumbai, Pune, Kochi and Delhi. Hinduism itself was a religious conglomeration of thousands of sects having distinct beliefs, rituals, customs and practices. Three nearly different religions branched out of it, namely, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism having separate places of worship and holy books. In all, India remained a shining example of unity in diversity, nowhere else found in the world.

Honouring this eternal spirit of India, our constitution makers declared our nation to be a secular state without any discrimination. Although the people of our country are deeply religious yet they don’t harbour any ill will or intolerance against other faiths. Even during the freedom struggle the leaders who led it made secularism a basic policy to rally all the people against the British. The secular polity was fiercely strengthened by Mahatma Gandhi. Himself a deeply religious Hindu, he had great respect for all other religions and faiths.

To divide the Indians, the colonial rulers tried to destroy file spirit of secularism by aiding and abetting communal forces. Some of our people forgot that sacred tradition and played in the hands of British. Our country paid a terrible price for that lapse. India got divided into two nations and we lost father of, the nation, Mahatma Gandhi to the bullets of a degenerated fanatic who had no use for our secular legacy. It should teach us a lesson that only secular spirit will keep India going.

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  1. Ayushi says:

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  2. Rakshith says:

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  4. Sivalakshmi says:

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  5. Humera says:

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