Home » Paragraph Writing » Paragraph on “The Oceans and their floor” complete paragraph for Class 9, Class 10, Class 11 and Class 12

Paragraph on “The Oceans and their floor” complete paragraph for Class 9, Class 10, Class 11 and Class 12

The Oceans and their floor

71 per cent or the Earth’s surface is covered by water which forms the Oceans. The surface of the oceans and seas is constantly restless because wind create waves in the water and the Moon’s gravitational pull causes high and low tides. Oceanographers (scientists who study the oceans) using underwater cameras, echo-sounders, sonar and manned or un-manned submarines have studied the oceans and found that the Ocean floor is very much like the hind we see around us. It too has cliffs, canyons, plateaus, trenches, mountain ranges and volcanoes.

Where land meets the seas, we have beaches, these beaches are a part of an underwater shelf called the ‘Continental Shelf, at the end of which is gradual slope, called the ‘Continental Slope’. This slope leads us to a relatively plain area, called the ‘Abyssal Plain’, which is about 6 km deep and covers about two-thirds of the ocean floor. On the Ocean floor we have large ridges and trenches called the `Mid-Ocean ridges and Trenches’. In places we have undersea mountains with their peaks protruding out of the water, forming small islands. The width of the continental shelf varies from place to place, as an example on the western coast of South America, we have virtually no continental shelf, on the contrary there is a wide continental shelf on the eastern coast of South America. Mid-ocean ridges and trenches are very deep in certain places, there is the ‘Challengers Deep’ in The Pacific ocean which is about 11 km below the surface. The seas that we see around most of the continents are shallow, and since the waters are relatively warm in these seas, they have Coral reefs and other Flora and Fauna in them. In the polar regions the oceans have huge lumps of ice called ‘Icebergs’ floating in the water, these are portions of the Polar cap which break away from the mainland and are carried around by the ocean currents.

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