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Essay, Paragraph, Speech on “World Organisations” Complete Paragraph, Speech for Classes 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12.

World Organisations

The desire for peace, justice and harmony has been there in man since time immemorial. With the development of the concept of nation man always wanted international peace. Philosophers and World Statesmen exhorted mankind to create ‘One World’. Man in his endeavour to prevent society from descending into anarchy and to bring about perpetual peace created international organisations. The main considerations underlying their conception were : a new world order, growth of society worldwide, peaceful settlement of disputes, rule of law and respect for the autonomy of domestic affairs of member states.

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the World’s largest agency for multilateral, technical and pre-investment co-operation. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) aims to improve the quality of life for children and mothers in developing countries. From among the specialized agencies of the UN, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) aims to promote peaceful uses of the atomic energy; the United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) promotes collaboration between nations in education, science and culture, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) helps in reconstruction and development of economies by providing loans and promotes growth of International trade; the International Monetary Fund (IMF) aims to bring international monetary co-operation, assists in the establishment of multilateral system of payment in respect of currency transactions between members and tries to eliminate foreign restrictions; the World Health Organisation (WHO) serves to raise the health standards of the people. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) is a permanent international trade body which replaced General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in January, :995. It is theoretically open to all nations who undertake to practise free trade, establish a fixed level of import tariff and accept the WTO’s verdict in any dispute.

Besides, the United Nations there are other world organisations also that were formed taking particular purposes, functions and strategies into consideration. The commonwealth is a 53-nation association representing a third of the nations of the world. It works to bring about interaction and co-operation among the member countries in many fields. The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a group of 114 countries, mostly developing. The basic thrust of the movement is in favour of peace, disarmament, development, independence, eradication of poverty and illiteracy. The South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC) is formed by india, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Nepal and Maldives. It directs the member countries towards collective self-reliance in order to overcome poverty, illiteracy, malnutrition and diseases in the region. The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), a regional group of western powers of great military significance, has been expanded to meet the new international developments directing its activities in the fields of political affairs, information, cultural relations, armament, economics, production, finance and logistics. The Amnesty International is a worldwide human rights organisation working for the protection of human rights all over the world. The Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) constituted by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand aims to accelerate economic progress and maintain economic stability in South East Asia. The European Union has become the world’s largest and most prosperous trading area and has a population larger than that of any superpower. A common single currency (Euro) with a common central bank and a single stock market is in principle the chief feature of the European Union. The other major international organisations are the Asia Pacific Economic Co-operation (APEC), the Arab League Organisation of Islamic Conference (OIC), the Group of Seven Industrialised Countries (G-7), Organistaion of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Red Cross and Scouts and Guides.

The various international organisations have been instrumental in carrying out many peace-keeping missions, developmental activities and relief and rescue operations. But some of the acts, policies and measures of the UN and other bodies have not been appreciated by all the countries. The swift response of air strikes against Iraq have already affected the country’s economy and have caused innumerable miseries to the people. The US dominance trend in the UN is a matter of serious concern. After over 50 years of seeking to reduce poverty and disease and educate the poor, the World Bank admitted that many of its past policies were misguided and it needed help to succeed in future. Under pressure from the US and its allies over Pokhran nuclear tests, the World Bank and the International Development Association (IDA) made huge reduction in their lending to India. This reflected that they could be politically influenced, although being a political bodies. The SAARC has failed to check cross-border terrorism indulged in by Pakistan against India. The Kargil episode is a grim example of blatant involvement of Pakistan in terrorist activities against India, despite SAARC’s motto of bringing about ‘regional co-operation’. In order to bring about a new world order the World bodies must make sincere efforts and honest assessment of their roles in the present world scenario. The United Nations must not favour the United States tactics of bullying the weak nations. China must co-operate with ASEAN to advance security and economic interests in South-East Asia. There is a need to reform the UN Security Council through its enlargement to make it more representative, effective and responsive to the challenges being faced by the World now and to be faced by it the years to come. The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) must not be biased and discriminatory. It should lead to nuclear-free World in true perspective. On an optimistic note it can be said that the International organisations will usher mankind in new era of peace, harmony, justice and joy by collective efforts and co-operation.

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