The  Politics of Communalism POINTS TO  DEVELOP 1. Conflict inherent to a society in transition like that of India. The pre-independence communal situation led to the framers of India’s Constitution establishing a secular state and accommodation of cultural diversity. Communalism, however, could not be removed and it now operated at various levels- individual, local, institutional and national political levels. political parties have encouraged communalism to establish support bases. Socio- religious organizations...

Communalism POINTS TO DEVELOP 1.Typical  results of communal riots often reported in the media. Broad definition of communalism and the problems associated with causes. causes of rise of communalism in India. communalism is a vicious circle. Politics and communalism. Efforts needed to check communalism.   It  has become quite common nowadays to find news reports in the print and electronic media referring to violence between religious communities resulting in heavy lose...

Elections – Lacunae and Remedies POINT TO DEVELOP 1. Indian democracy under the shadow of electoral malpractices. Criminalisation of politics and elections. practices of rigging and booth- capturing.      4.Elections have become too costly.      5.Communal considerations in elections are common. Elections do not show clear majority. Electoral malpractice criticised. Need for reform underlined. Remedies suggested. Conclusion.     India is known to be a democratic republic but there...

Judicial  Activism Essay No. 01 POINTS TO DEVELOP 1. Broad meaning of the term ‘judicial activism’. concept of ‘ basic structure’ of the Constitution born out of judicial activism. PIL and judicial activism. judiciary as part o the three wings of polity; the roles of the three wings and how judicial activism fits into the picture. instances of judicial activism getting the desired results. judicial intervention inevitable – even necessary –...

Role of judiciary in a Democracy POINTS OT DEVELOP 1. Concept of separation of powers in a democracy. independent judiciary a must in a democracy; how the idea grew and developed . Role of the judiciary- judge the validity of laws passed ; decide on the right and wrong of executive action; uphold the Constitution and resolve constitutional deadlocks an dilemmas. judicial verdicts have brought down rulers in a democracy. limitations...

The Role of Opposition in a Democracy Essay No. 01 POINTS TO DEVELOP 1. Place of ‘opposition; in various forms of government and origin of the concept. 2. opposition and the party system. 3. function of opposition in a democracy- form alternate up public opinion and get it incorporated in policies; bring up priority issues for attention of the policy makers; ensure the upholding of the constitution. 4. in times of...