Rockets   In 1903, a Russian school teacher Konstantin Tsiolkovski developed the first scientific idea on rocket propulsion. However, it was not until 1926, when first liquid fuel rocket was built and launched by American engineer Robert Goddard. Rockets burn large quantity of fuel in order to make thrust that pushes them upward. Rockets are driven by stream of gases let out behind it when fuel is burnt inside. Most of...

Artificial Satellites and Their Types Artificial satellites are the most common kind of spacecraft that stay in space for many months or even for many years. Satellites are used for different purpose like communication, observing the atmosphere from space and for defense or for military actions. The shape of a satellite can differ depending on the job it has to perform. Satellites can carry all kinds of equipment such as telescope,...

Nuclear Development and Its Impact   Due to the intensive scientific research during the Second World War, nuclear energy and the nuclear weapons were invented. In 1945, the world witnessed the devastating effects of nuclear energy when two bombs were dropped on Japanese cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Half of the population of the country had perished. It seems the world has not learnt any lesson from what had happened to Japan....

Techniques to Improve Agricultural Productivity   Tillage, irrigation, use of modern machines and ‘agricultural tools, pest control, good quality seeds and fertilizers are some of the important application to improve agricultural productivity. To feed the projected population of the mid-21st century, agricultural efficiencies would have to be far greater than is currently in the case of most countries. Agricultural productivity can take place only if technologies are greatly improved and substantial...

Genetic Engineering Genetic engineering is a term applied to laboratory techniques for the genes of an organism. A gene is a cell that controls a particular quality of leaving thing that has been passed from its parents. Genetic engineering is a science of removing, adding or replacing genetic unit to achieve permanent and hereditary changes in animals and plants. Gene surgery, manipulation, transplantation, therapy and intervention arc the terms used with...

Laser and Its Uses in Industry and Medicine   A laser is a device that strengthens and intensifies light. It gives out light in which all the waves change direction and strength together, typically producing a powerful beam of light. This beam of light can be used for cutting metals, in performing medical operations, etc. It produces sharp and intense directed beam of light. Laser light is directional and it travels...

History of Science and Its Characteristics   Science is knowledge about the structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world based on facts that can be proved through experiments. The history of science is the interaction between science and society that began in the primitive human society. It led its way through different ages that have been seen in different forms of society. Modern day science is an organized and...

Nature and Characteristics of Family   Family is a social institution comprising man and woman with their children and other relatives. Today, with the coming up of nuclear family system the meaning of family has changed. Nuclear family comprises husband, wife and their natural or adopted children. Family is more or less a healthy association of husband and wife with or without children. Most of the people in India have no...