Essay on “Space Exploration” Complete Essay for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Space Exploration

The term space is used to denote the entire universe – the Earth and its atmosphere, the Moon, the Sun, and the rest of the Solar system with its other plants and their satellites including all the stars and galaxies spread over the infinite skies. Out space refers to the entire space except the Earth and  its atmosphere. The outer space begins where the Earth’s atmosphere ends.

Space exploration began with the launching of Russia’s Sputnik –I into the space on October 4, 1957. The U.S.A. entered the space arena on January 31, 1958 with the launching of the Explorer- I. History was created on July 12, 1969 when America’s mission to the Moon successfully landed Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin on the Moon’s surface form Appollo-II with their four legged Lunar produce.          

The Indian space programme was launched in 1962 when the Indian. National Committee for space research was formed. The primary goal of the programme was self-reliant use of space technology for national development. The main thrusts of the programme are – i) Satellite based communications for various applications, ii) Satellite bases resources survey and management, environmental monitoring and meteorological applications and iii) development and operationalisation of satellite, launch vehicles and associated ground segment for providing these space based services. The Indian Space Research Organization in 1969 and the Space Commission and Department of Space in 1972 were added to this programme.

Now the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) is responsible for the planning, execution and management of space research activities and space application programmes. The ISRO has its head quarter in Bengalore. It provides rocket and laboratory facilities to scientists.    

The major establishments of ISRO are: 1) the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) at Thiruvananthapuram,  2) The ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC) at Bangalore, 3) The SHAR Centre at Sriharikota Island in Andhra Pradesh, 4) The Space Application Centre (SAC) at Ahmedabad, 5)The Auxiliary Propulsion System Unit (APSU) at Bangalore and Thiruvananthapuram, 6) The Development and Educational Communication Unit(DECU) at Ahmedabad. Dr. Vikarm Sarabhai, the founder chief of Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) started the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station at Thiruvananthapuram in 1962.

Now India is one of the six countries in the world with its home-built satellites in orbit. The launch of INSAT-2E-fifth and last  in line of India’s second generation satellites – will help the country to further its position as one of the leaders in the global sunrise markets of satellites and space technology. The space craft has on board 17 transponders, 11 of which will be leased of the Intelsat consortium of countries. This is an arrangement which should bring in over £ 10 millions every year by way of  lease fees to the India Space Research Organization (ISRO).

The Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS-P4) is the eighth in the series and the first one to be dedicated for ocean studies. It was launched successfully by the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) on Wednesday dated 26-5-99. The satellite placed in orbit on Wednesday weighs 1050 kgs. Its ocean colour monitor has eight bands. It will provide information on chlorophy distribution to identify potential firing zones and study coastal areas.

South Korea’s Kitsat- 3is an engineering test satellite weighing about 110 kgs. It  was also put in orbit by the PSLV on Wednesday. Its primary mission is to develop different technologies for high performance micro- satellites and qualify them in the low earth orbit space environment.

The German Tubsat Satellite, also a PSLV passenger, is a joint project of the DLR institute of space sensor technology and the Technical University of Berlin. The satellite will be operated from the TUB satellite control centre.

Addressing the nation from the India Space Research Organization’s mission control room here, the Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee said, ‘ India’s space programme had from the beginning been designed to solve the day- to- day problems of the people. The country’s space programme supported India’s development in weather forecasting, broadcasting, telecommunications and studying land and water resources.’

India’s achievements in space technology and research show that our scientists and engineers are equal to those in advanced countries and whenever a challenge is thrown to them, they accepted in and solved the problem with Nation’s pride.