The  Politics of Communalism POINTS TO  DEVELOP 1. Conflict inherent to a society in transition like that of India. The pre-independence communal situation led to the framers of India’s Constitution establishing a secular state and accommodation of cultural diversity. Communalism, however, could not be removed and it now operated at various levels- individual, local, institutional and national political levels. political parties have encouraged communalism to establish support bases. Socio- religious organizations...

Communalism POINTS TO DEVELOP 1.Typical  results of communal riots often reported in the media. Broad definition of communalism and the problems associated with causes. causes of rise of communalism in India. communalism is a vicious circle. Politics and communalism. Efforts needed to check communalism.   It  has become quite common nowadays to find news reports in the print and electronic media referring to violence between religious communities resulting in heavy lose...

Elections – Lacunae and Remedies POINT TO DEVELOP 1. Indian democracy under the shadow of electoral malpractices. Criminalisation of politics and elections. practices of rigging and booth- capturing.      4.Elections have become too costly.      5.Communal considerations in elections are common. Elections do not show clear majority. Electoral malpractice criticised. Need for reform underlined. Remedies suggested. Conclusion.     India is known to be a democratic republic but there...

Judicial  Activism Essay No. 01 POINTS TO DEVELOP 1. Broad meaning of the term ‘judicial activism’. concept of ‘ basic structure’ of the Constitution born out of judicial activism. PIL and judicial activism. judiciary as part o the three wings of polity; the roles of the three wings and how judicial activism fits into the picture. instances of judicial activism getting the desired results. judicial intervention inevitable – even necessary –...