Essay on “Independence Day – 15 August ” Complete Essay for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Essay No. 01

Independence Day – 15 August 

5 Best Essay on “Independence Day”

“At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom. A moment comes, which comes but rarely in history, when we step out from the old to the new… India discovers herself again.”

                                                          -Jawaharlal Nehru

                                      (on Indian Independence Day, 1947)

On 3 June 1947, Viscount Lord Louis Mountbatten, the last British Governor-General of India, announced the partitioning of the British Indian Empire into India and Pakistan, under the provisions of the Indian Independence Act 1947. At the stroke of the midnight hour, on 15 August 1947, India became an independent nation. This was preceded by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru’s famous speech titled Tryst with destiny.

After more than two hundred years of British rule, India finally won back its freedom. All the patriotic hearts rejoiced at seeing India becoming a sovereign nation and the triumph of hundreds and thousands of souls. It was the birth of a new nation and a new beginning. Indian tricolor flag was unfurled by Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, on the ramparts of the Red Fort of Delhi. 

Today the day is celebrated to commemorate the birth of the world’s biggest democracy as a national holiday. People hoist the national flag throughout the country and put them up on the rooftops and buildings. People attend the flag hoisting ceremony. The Prime Minister addresses the Nation after the flag has been unfurled, recounting the country’s achievements of the year, discussing current major issues and future plans for the progress of the country. recently, kite flying has become a tradition on this day and people can be seen flying numerous kites of all colors, sizes, and shapes, symbolizing freedom. Prime Minister also pays tribute to leaders of the freedom struggle.

Road to independence

After Independence Prime Minister Nehru and Deputy Prime Minister Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel invited Lord Mountbatten to continue as Governor-General of India.  He was replaced in June 1948 by Chakravarti Rajagopalachari. Patel took on the responsibility of unifying 565 princely states, with steering efforts by his “iron fist in a velvet glove” policies, exemplified by the use of military force to integrate Junagadh, Jammu, Kashmir, and Hyderabad states into India.

The Indian independence movement (IIM) incorporated the efforts by Indians to liberate the region from British rule and form the nation-state of India. It involved a wide spectrum of Indian political organizations, philosophies, and rebellions between 1857 and India’s emergence as a unified nation-state on August 15, 1947.

The initial Indian Rebellion of 1857 was sparked when soldiers serving in the British East India Company’s Army had Indian kingdoms rebelled against the British. After the revolt was crushed, the British partitioned the region into British India and the Princely states. They tried to develop a class of educated elites, whose political organizing sought Indian political rights and representation. However, increasing public disenchantment with the   British Rowlatt Act), political rights, and culture as well as their avoidance of basic issues facing common Indians and an essential no acceptance of foreign occupation – led to an upsurge in revolutionary activities aimed at overthrowing the European colonial powers, particularly the British.

The movement became vigorous between 1918 and 1922 when the first series of non-violent campaigns of civil disobedience was launched by the Indian National Congress under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi’s movement came to encompass people from across India among all walks of life. these initial civil disobedience movements soon came to be the driving force that ultimately shaped the cultural, religious, and political unity of a diverse nation.          

Committing itself to Purna Swaraj in 1930, the Congress-led mass struggles between 1930 and 1932. By the late 1930s, however, with growing disenchantments over the delaying tactics of the British Raj and the Congress’s failure to extract commitment on self-rule and political independence, a faction within the movement turned towards more radical ideas of Subhash Chandra Bose. The raising of the Indian National Army in 1942 by Subhash Chandra Bose would see a unique military campaign to end British rule. Following the trail of Indian National Army officers at the Red Fort, mutinies broke out in the navy, in the Air Force, and in the army. The Congress also led a civil disobedience movement in 1942 demanding that the British leave India (a movement called the Quit India Movement). Following these and widespread communal rioting in Calcutta, the Raj ended on the midnight of 15^th August 1947.

India Before Independence

With the decision by Britain to withdraw from the Indian subcontinent, the Congress Party and Muslim League agreed in June 1947 to a partition of India along religious lines. Under the provisions of the Indian Independence Act, India and Pakistan were established as independent dominions with predominantly Hindu areas allocated to India and predominantly Muslim areas to Pakistan. 

After India’s independence, India received most of the subcontinent’s  562 widely scattered polities, or princely states, as well as the majority of the British provinces, and parts of three of the remaining provinces. Muslim Pakistan received the remainder. Pakistan consisted of the western wind, with the approximate boundaries of modern Pakistan, and an eastern wing, with the boundaries of present-day Bangladesh.

The division of the subcontinent caused the tremendous dislocation of populations, inter-communal violence cost more than ten lakh lives. Some 3.5 million Hindus and Sikhs moved from Pakistan into India, and about 5 million Muslims migrated from India to Pakistan. Overall, the demographic shift caused an initial bitterness between the two countries that was further intensified by each country’s accession to a portion of the princely states. 

Adding to the tensions, the issue of the polities Kashmir, Hyderabad, and the small and fragmented state of Junagadh (in present-day Gujarat), remained unsettled at independence. Latter, the Muslim ruler of Hindu – majority Junagadh agreed to join Pakistan, but a movement by his people, followed by Indian military action and a plebiscite (people’s vote of self – determination). Brought the state into India.

The Nizam of Hyderabad, also a Muslim ruler of a Hindu- majority populace tried to maneuver to gain independence for his very large and populous state, which was, however, surrounded by India.

The Hindu ruler of Kashmir, whose subjects were 85 percent Muslim, decided to join India. Pakistan, however, questioned its right to do so, and a war broke out between India and Pakistan. A cease-fire was arranged in 1949, with the cease-fire line creating a de facto partition of the region.

The central and eastern areas of the state came under Indian administration as Jammu and Kashmir State, while the northwestern quarter and the Northern Areas came under Pakistani control as Azad Kashmir, although a UN peacekeeping force was sent in to enforce the cease-fire, the dispute was no resolved. This deadlock has intensified suspicion and antagonism between the two countries.    

In 1971, Pakistan was subdivided when its eastern sector broke away and formed Bangladesh. Border disputes continue to embitter Pakistani – Indian relations, as Pakistan has produced a series of autocratic military rulers, while India maintained a parliamentary democracy. 

India since independence

Since its independence, India has transformed a lot, when India attained Independence in 1947, its population was around 400 million people. Now there are one billion people in India. India is the largest democracy in the world. It has the biggest number of people with franchise rights and the largest number of political parties. Which take part in the election campaign.

India also has many internal problems. Different communities with different identities – regional, language, caste, and religion- demanded different rights for their communities. Some communities demanded more autonomy for their cultures within the Indian states. Others demanded autonomous states within the Indian Union. While the others demanded to be independent from India. With all its problems. India survives as a single state with a democratic character.

During the last 60 years, India has seen differences in its national life some of them are as follows:

• It fought three wars. Wars with Pakistan were fought in 1947, 1965, and 1971. The war with China was fought in 1962. In  1971 India also helped Bangladesh in its freedom struggle.
• Under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India. India had adopted a socialist economy. Some economists think it was a mixed continue together. During this period, lasting for several years up to the end of the 1980s, India could rapidly develop its infrastructure, science, and technology.
• By the early 1990s, India had changed its economic policies. It several reforms to attract more capital from other countries, local businessmen and industrialists also got more freedom to carry out their activities.
• In 1974, India had already detonated its first nuclear bomb. It repeated the same in 1998. With this, it became a nuclear power.

Presently (2006), India is currently the tenth largest economy in terms of GDP.  It s the 4^th largest economy in the world when accounting for purchasing power parity. Some economists think that in the coming decades, India’s economy shall become still larger.

APJ Abdul Kalam – 60^th Independence Day- Seven Point Oath

1. I realize. I have to set a goal in my life. to achieve the goal. I will acquire the knowledge, I will work hard and when the problem occurs, I have to defeat the problem and succeed.
2. As a youth of my nation. I will work and work with the courage to achieve success in all my tasks and enjoy the success of others.
3. I shall always keep my home, surroundings, my neighbourhood, environment, and myself clean and tidy.
4. I realize righteousness in the heart leads to beauty in the character, beauty in the character brings harmony in the home, harmony in the home leads to order in the nation, and order in the nation leads to peace in the world. 
5. I will lead an honest life free from all corruption and will set an example for others to adopt a righteous way of life.
6. I will light the lamp of knowledge in the nation and ensure that it remains lit for ever.
7. I realize. Whatever work I do if I do the best. I am contributing towards realizing the vision of developed India 2020.

Independence Day 2006: Gist of PM’S address to the nation

“We re-dedicate ourselves to the progress and prosperity of our nation, the welfare of all our people, to the unity and integrity of our country.

It is almost sixty years since independence. In these sixty years, the world has been transformed beyond recognition.

India is certainly on the march. Yet, we have miles to go before we can truly say that we have made our tryst with destiny sixty years ago, Nehru told us that the two challenges before free India were to end the ancient scourge of poverty, ignorance, and disease and end the inequality of opportunity. India has marched a great distance forward in these sixty years, but the challenge of banishing poverty remains with us. We have a year to banish hunger from our land.  We have yet to eradicate illiteracy. We have yet to ensure that every Indian enjoy good health.

When our industry and services compete successfully across the globe, we celebrate our success in global markets; but at the same time, the same global forces buffet us when oil prices go up because of factors beyond our control. Globalization certainly has its benefits, but it can also hurt the common man.

The challenge for us, as a nation, is to address this duality- to ensure that while we keep the wheels of progress moving rapidly forward, no section of society, and no part of the country, is left behind; to ensure that growth generates the necessary wealth which can then finance the welfare of marginalized groups; to ensure that growth generates employment and a bright future for our youth.

India has contributed extensively to human knowledge. Today, we are at the dawn of a new millennium that many call the knowledge economy. In this world, knowledge will determine our progress and the place we occupy in the world. We must continue to be at the forefront of new research and new thinking, especially in science and technology.

Our religions may be different. Our castes may be different. Our languages may be different. Nevertheless, we are all Indians. In our progress lies the progress of the nation. Our fortunes and our nation’s fortunes are intertwined. Moreover, working together, we can make this fortune a glorious one”.

Let us all join our hands, to build a New India.

Essay No. 02

The Independence Day

or

The National Festival of 15th August

India became independent on 15th August 1947 after a long struggle. Jawaharlal Nehru who had spent the prime of his life in British jails while fighting against the mighty British empire became the first Prime Minister of India and hoisted the Indian flag, tricolor, on the ramparts of the Red Fort in Delhi at 12:00 pm as the zero-hours for 15th August started on this date in 1947. He called the moment India’s “tryst with destiny”.

Since then 15th August is celebrated every year as Independence Day. The main festival is held in Delhi. The Prime Minister of India hoists the tricolor early in the morning on the ramparts of the Red Fort before a mammoth gathering of Indian and foreign dignitaries, VIPs, and common people. He makes a speech from behind a bullet-proof glass cabin. In his speech, he explains the achievements and policies of the government and highlights the projects at hand and what the country wants to be. to what side her efforts are directed. He lists the major problems of the country and how the government wants to address and harness them.

Small functions are held in all towns and cities and even in some big villages. In-state capitals, the Chief Ministers and at other places Governors and other dignitaries such as Deputy Commissioners senior police officers, Mayors of Municipal Corporation, Chairmen of Municipal Committees, etc. hoist the national flag. In schools and colleges, the Presidents of Managing Committees or Principals of the institutions concerned do the ceremony. In all cases, the function always ends with IP the recitation of the National Anthem with due respect and regard.

Essay No. 03

Independence Day

15th August is our Independence Day. On this day we won our freedom from foreign rule. It is celebrated in every village, town, and city of India.

But the main function is held at the Red Fort in Delhi where the Prime Minister hoists the National Flag.

He delivers a speech emphasizing the importance of the national unity and integrity of India.

He reminds the people of the great sacrifices made by the Indian leaders to achieve independence. It is a day of the national holiday.

Celebrations are also held in the state capitals. The Governor of some other State dignitary unfurls the national flag.

Our school also celebrates this occasion. It reminds us of the martyrs. It reminds us of the responsibility we owe to the nation.

Essay No. 04

Independence Day

The history of free and independent India started on the 15th of August, 1947 when our country won freedom from the unwilling hands of the Britishers. The nation had passed through tears and troubles. So many martyrs had laid down their lives and so many people were imprisoned that one can hardly count their number.

India got freedom, but the country was partitioned into two – India and Pakistan. A sizeable part of the country was formed into Pakistan that was located on either side of our country. The Eastern part was called East Pakistan and the Western part was called Western Pakistan. Millions of refugees started trekking to India and left their hearts and homes.

But every nation has to make a great sacrifice for attaining freedom. No price is too great for the freedom of the motherland.

The first Independence Day was celebrated on the 15th of August, 1947, when Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru had unfurled the Indian National Flag on the Red Fort.

Since then Independence Day is celebrated every year in our country on the 15th of August. On this day in every big city, the celebrations are held. In Delhi, our Prime Minister hoists National Flag on the Red Fort and delivers his message to the nation.

The Army moves to the Red Fort and there are countless spectators who watch this celebration every year.

In the big cities, on all the Government buildings, the national flags are hoisted. Sometimes the Ministers or the highest officials unfurl the national flag. This occasion is celebrated in all the schools and colleges. The Principal of the institution hoists the national flag in the midst of thousands of students and teachers. As soon as the flag is hoisted, there is clapping.

This occasion is celebrated in the schools and colleges in the form of staging dramas about how our country was able to wrest freedom from the unwilling hands of foreigners. The students join in the celebrations in large numbers. The messages are sent which are read out before the gatherings. At night in the District Headquarters throughout, these festivities are held in the big stadium or playgrounds. These celebrations attract a large number of people, who watch these celebrations in zest and perfect joy. Sometimes we witness fireworks at night. The Government buildings are well lit up for the night.

Independence Day inspires our nation to remember those who laid down their lives cheerfully for the cause of the nation. Subhash Chandra Bose, Sardar Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, and many other revolutionaries laid down their lives. In some cities and villages, meetings are held to remind the people of the great sacrifices made by the martyrs for the cause of freedom.

This year I witnessed the Independence Day celebration in my college, where the national flag was hoisted. The Principal made a brief speech and he told of the sufferings of the martyrs for the cause of freedom of the motherland and stressed the importance of freedom. I am fortunate enough to see such a celebration at Red Fort also. I feel deeply inspired to watch these celebrations. I love my country and wish to serve her to the last breath of my life.

Essay No. 05

Independence Day

Man always wants to live in freedom. So did the Indians want fifty years ago? The Britishers ruled India for more than two centuries. According to the history of India, the English merchants came to India for business purposes and gradually consolidated their power as the ruler of India. However, India became independent on 15th August in the year 1947. All the Indians were eagerly waiting for this auspicious day. To mark this occasion of getting independence we have been celebrating 15th August every year as Independence Day. We feel glorious on this day. We remember the national heroes who have made great efforts to bring this glory to India. As it is a national day, it is celebrated in the capital of our country with great joy. The Prime Minister of our Country hoists the National Flag on the historic Red Fort and speaks to the nation through a glorious speech. He salutes the National Flag. The National Anthem is sung. This day is also observed in state capitals and district headquarters, in schools and colleges. New development programs for the upliftment of the country and the countrymen are declared. Besides the Flag hoisting and singing National Anthem, cleaning streets, distributing food and medicine to the poor. In schools and colleges, different competitions are held and prizes are also awarded to the winners. It is a matter of regret that we have forgotten the spirit of this glorious day. We observe this day superficially. We forget the importance of this day soon after the evening. We attach too much importance to our individual freedom rather than to national independence. We want to grow without thinking at all about the growth of the country. We must vow to safeguard the independence of our country.