Science Project on “Electromagnets and Compasses”, Project Experiment Topics on Electricity, Magnetism Gravity for Class 8, 9, 10 and 12 Students.
Electromagnets and Compasses
Materials Required:
- Some insulated copper wire
- A three inch nail
- A 9-volt battery
- Some small nails
- A piece of cardboard
- Two needles
- A bar magnet
- A cork
To make an electromagnet some insulated copper wire, all along the length of a three inch nail, without overlapping the wire. Strip and connect the two ends of the wire to the positive and negative terminals of a 9-volt battery. If you bring a few paper clips close to the nail, you will see that they stick to the nail and can even be picked up with it. This happens because a magnetic force is created from one end of the coil to the other end, as electricity flows through the wire. This force lines up the magnetic particles in the nail, thereby turning it into a magnet. This is what is referred to as Faraday’s Laws of Electromagnetic Induction.
Stick a needle on a cardboard and rub it approximately 60 times with one end of a magnet. Ensure the same end is rubbed on the needle each time. This makes the needle magnetic. Insert the magnetized needle through a cork. Take a bowl of water and float the cork in it. On a sheet of card, draw a compass showing North on top, East and West on right and left sides respectively and South on the bottom. Place the bowl of water on the middle of the compass card, ensuring the needle is pointing towards North and South. Check its correctness with the Sun. In the middle of the day, the Sun is so located that the shadow falls to the north, which is the direction your needle should point.
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