Sample Paper of Social Studies for Class 9, CBSE, With Solutions.

Sample Paper 2014

Social Studies

Class -9

What were the major policy decisions taken by Salvador Allende on becoming the President of Chile in 1973?

Solution:
Salvador Allende became the President of Chile in 1973. He believed in the ideology of socialism. Soon after becoming the President he took major policy decisions for the benefit of the poor and the workers. He reformed the education system of Chile, redistributed land to the landless farmers and made provisions for providing free milk to the poor children. He opposed the influx of foreign companies in Chile as they took away all the natural resources from the country.

Question 2 ( 3.0 marks)

Why was General Pinochet’s rule disliked by the people of Chile?

Solution:
General Pinochet became the Supreme Head of Chile in 1973 after staging a military coup. He established a military dictatorship in Chile. His government tortured and killed those who opposed his rule and wanted democracy to be restored in Chile. He established a reign of terror in the country.His government was backed by the U.S who wanted to curtail the spread of socialism in Chile. Chile’s people were oppressed under the dictatorial regime of General Pinochet and wanted to overthrow it.

Question 3 ( 3.0 marks)
What were the reasons for the political uprising in Poland in 1980?
Solution:
A political upheaval took place in Poland in August 1980 when the workers of the Lenin shipyard went on a strike that soon took the form of a popular revolt against the government. The main reasons were:-
(1) Poland was under a communist party that allowed no competition in the country and ruled dictatorially.
(2) No other political party was allowed to function in the country.
(3) The government accepted no criticism and imprisoned those who opposed it.

Question 4 ( 3.0 marks)
What were the demands of the striking workers of Poland?
Solution:
The immediate demand of the workers was to take back a woman employee who was unjustly
dismissed. Other demands of the workers were−
(1) Right to form independent trade unions.
(2) Release of political prisoners.
(3) End of censorship on press.

Question 5 ( 3.0 marks)
What were the results of the workers movement of 1980 in Poland?

Solution:
The workers movement forced the government to sign a 21-point agreement with them. The main
results of the movement were −
(1) The government, for the first time, bowed down before the demands of the workers.
(2) Right to form trade unions was granted to the workers and new trade unions started being formed.
(3) Right to strike was given to the workers.

Question 6 ( 3.0 marks)
What was the result of the disintegration of the U.S.S.R. on the democratic setup of the world?

Solution:
The U.S.S.R. disintegrated into 17 nations in 1971. The most important consequence of this
disintegration was the spread of democracy. Most of the constituent states that emerged as
independent countries from the U.S.S.R. became democracies. They adopted democratic and
republican forms of government and shunned communism. Thus, after 1991, the world became a
more democratic place.

Question 7 ( 3.0 marks)
What is the system of government in Myanmar?

Solution:
Myanmar gained independence in 1948 and adopted a democratic form of government. However, military rule was established in the country in 1962. Since 1962, Myanmar is under military rule. The elections of 1990 were annulled by the military rulers and the pro-democracy activists such as Aung San Suu Kyi were kept under house arrest. Myanmar is under the absolute dictatorship of the military junta even in the 21st century.

Question 8 ( 3.0 marks)

What is the significance of the United Nations?

Solution:
The United Nations Organization (UNO) is an international agency that helps in enhancing cooperation among the nations of the world. The significance of the UN lies in promoting international peace and cooperation. The UN aims at maintaining peace and security in the world, implementing international laws and treaties, encouraging international trade and economic development and promoting the interests of the weaker sections and providing them support to lead a better life.

Question 9 ( 4.0 marks)
Write a short note on Solidarity Union.

Solution:
Solidarity was the first trade union formed after the Gdansk agreement of 1980 in any of the communist states of the world. It soon gained ground in Poland and became immensely popular among the workers. The communist government fearing the popularity of solidarity imposed martial law in Poland and imprisoned the members of solidarity. The trade union organized a strike in 1988 and succeeded in getting the right to contest elections. In the 1990 Presidential elections, Solidarity won by a huge margin of votes and formed the first democratically elected government of Poland.  Lech Walesa, leader of Solidarity, became the President of Poland. and succeeded in getting the right to contest elections. In the 1990 Presidential elections, Solidarity won by a huge margin of votes and formed the first democratically elected government of Poland.  Lech Walesa, leader of Solidarity, became the President of Poland.

Question 10 ( 4.0 marks)

Are all the member countries of the U.N. equally represented in the Security Council? Discuss.

Solution:

            The Security Council works as the executive wing of the UN that takes all crucial policy decisions. It comprises of fifteen members chosen amongst the member nations of the UN. However, all members  of the Security Council are not elected. Only ten member nations are elected every year to the Security Council. Rest five seats of the Security Council are held by five big powers namely, the U.S., the U.K., China, Russia and France. They are the permanent members of the Security Council. These five nations have the power to veto any decision taken by other member nations of the Security Council. Thus, all countries do not have equal representation in the Security Council as these five nations enjoy special privileges.

GEOGRAPHY

Question 1 ( 3.0 marks)

What do you understand by the Theory of Plate Tectonics?

Solution:

            The Theory of Plate Tectonics is a theory that explains the formation of physical features of the earth. According to this theory, the entire earth’s crust is formed of seven major and several minor plates. The movement of these plates leads to folding, faulting and volcanic activities, thereby forming different physical features on the earth’s surface. The plates may move away from each other, collide with each other and may slide under each other. It is the movement of these plates over millions of  years that transforms the shape of the Earth’s relief features.

Question 2 ( 3.0 marks)

How were Himalayas formed?

Solution:

Himalayas are the youngest mountain systems on earth. They are called young fold mountains. Himalayas were formed by the folding of the bed of the Tethys Sea, millions of years ago. The  movement of the Indian plate northwards and its collision with the Eurasian plate resulted in the  folding of the sediments accumulated in the Tethys sea that existed between the two plates. This folding led to the rise of the loftiest mountains of the worland the extinction of the Tethys Sea. The Himalayas were formed about 65 million years ago. They are still in the process of rising.

Question 3 ( 3.0 marks)

 What are the three ranges of the Himalayas?

Solution:

The Himalayas run in a west to east direction in three parallel longitudinal ranges.

(1) Himadari − It is the northernmost and the highest range of the Himalayas. It is also known as the Great Himalayas and the Inner Himalayas. The average elevation is 6000 metres.

(2) Himachal − It is also called the Lesser Himalayas. It is the most rugged mountain system. The  average elevation varies from 3700 to 4500 metres. All the mountain valleys such as the Kullu, the Kangra and the Kashmir valley are part of this range.

(3) Shiwaliks are the southernmost range of the Himalayas. The average height is about 1100 metres. Shiwaliks are home to many longitudinal valleys called Duns such as Dehra Dun, Kotli Dun etc.

Question 4 ( 3.0 marks)

What are the main characteristics of the Purvanchal Himalayas?

Solution:

The Purvanchal Himalayas are an eastern extension of the Himalayas. They run in a west to east direction till Arunachal Pradesh from where they take a bend towards the south and run along the eastern boundary of India. The Patkai hills, the Garo-Khasi- Jaintia hills in the states of Assam and Meghalaya, the Naga hills in Nagaland, the Mizo hills in Mizoram and the Manipur hills in Manipur together constitute the Purvanchal Himalayas. They are densely forested hills and are full of scenic beauty.

Question 5 ( 3.0 marks)

Explain in brief the formation of the Northern Plain of India.

Solution:

            The Northern plain is the most fertile region in India. The plain has been formed by the action of three main rivers in India-the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra; and their tributaries. The alluvium and silt brought down from the mountains by the fast moving rivers and deposited at the foothills of the Himalayas resulted in the formation of this fertile tract made up of alluvial soil.

Question 6 ( 3.0 marks)

What are the characteristic features of the Northern plain?

Solution:

The Northern plain is the most important physiographic division of India. The plain covers around 23 percent area of India and is home to majority of the Indian population. The plain is the most fertile  region in India because it is madeup of alluvial soil. The fertility of the Northern plain has earned it the distinction of being the bread basket of India. The Northern plain has a climate that is neither too hot nor too cold. The plain is endowed with plenty of rivers that are used to irrigate the agricultural fields and meet the water requirements of people. There are four divisions of the Northern plain − the Bhabhar belt, the Terai region, the Bhangar region and the Khadar belt.

Question 7 ( 3.0 marks)

 Distinguish between the Western and the Eastern Ghats.

Solution:

WESTERN GHATS

EASTERN GHATS

1. The Western Ghats form the western
2. The Eastern Ghats form the eastern edge of the edge of the Deccan plateau. Deccan plateau.
3. The Western Ghats have an elevation
4. They are low with an average elevation of only of 1600 metres.600 metres.
5. They are continuous and can be
6. They are a series of discontinuous hills that are  crossed through the passes only. dissected by the rivers at several places.
7. Highest peak is Anai Mudi (2695
8. Highest peak is Mahendragiri (1501 metres) metres)

Question 8 ( 4.0 marks)

What are the various physiographic divisions of India?

Solution:

            India is divided into various physiographic divisions. The major physiographic divisions of India are:-

(1) The Himalayan Mountains − They are the world’s loftiest and youngest mountain ranges. The Himalayas run in a west to east direction from the state of Jammu and Kashmir till Arunachal Pradesh.

(2) The Northern Plains − They are the most fertile part in India as they are formed of alluvial soil. They support nearly half of the population of India and are agriculturally very rich. Northern plains cover the states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and some parts of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand and Orissa. (3) The Peninsular Plateau − It is the oldest landmass in India. It is composed of old igneous and metamorphic rocks and is therefore rich in mineral deposits. Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu are a part of the Peninsular plateau.

Question 9 ( 4.0 marks)

What are the main features associated with the Indian Coastal Plains?

Solution:

            India is surrounded by water bodies from three sides. It has a long coastline of about 7,500 km. The coastal plains form the coastal boundary of India in the form of a narrow strip of land. The coastal plains in India can be broadly divided into the Western Coastal plain and the Eastern Coastal plain. The Western Coastal plain lying between the Arabian Sea on its west and the Western Ghats on its east is a narrow fertile plain. It is classified into the Konkan coast along Maharashtra, the Kannad plain that forms its central part along Karnataka and the Malabar Coast along the state of Kerala.

Eastern Coastal plain is wider than the Western Coastal plain. It stretches from West Bengal to Tamil

Nadu. It is a level stretch of fertile plain. The northern part of the plain is called the Northern Circar while the southern part is called the Coromandal Coast. The Eastern Coastal plain is fed by many peninsular rives like the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri that form their deltas on this coast.

Question 10 ( 4.0 marks)

Locate the following on an outline map of India.

            (1) The Karakoram Range

            (2) Zaskar Range

            (3) Garo, Khasi and Jaintia Hills

            (4) Shiwalik Range

Solution: