Essay, Biography or Paragraph on “Marie Curie” complete biography for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Marie Curie

 Essay No. 01

France: Discoverer of Radium

Born: AD 1867                    Died: AD 1934

Marie Curie was born to poor parents in Warsaw, the capital of Poland. She was Christened Mania. She wanted to go for higher studies but her parents were unable to do so because of poverty. However, due to the insistence of friends and relatives, she went to France for higher studies where she completed her M.A.

That was a time when women were not considered equal to men and were relegated to backstage. It was believed that women were incapable of achieving anything in the field of arts and science. Ironically, Marie Curie is the only Nobel Laureate to have won the coveted prize twice, and Madam Curie is a woman!

Mania married Pierre Curie, while in Paris and became Marie Curie. Both husband and wife were interested in research in Physics and Chemistry. They started working on Radium. They did not have enough wherewithals to use a sophisticated laboratory. They used to experiment under a dilapidated roof, which often leaked during rains. Ultimately, their perseverance paid and they discovered Radium and its activity in 1903. Both husband and wife were awarded Nobel Prize in 1903. In 1911, Marie Curie was again awarded the Nobel Prize for research in Chemistry. She was appointed Professor of Physics at Paris University.

Pierre Curie died in 1906 in a road accident. Marie survived him but died of cancer in 1934. It is ironic, isn’t it, that the inventor of Radium which is used in the prevention and cure of cancer should die of cancer!

Essay No. 02

Marie Curie

Maire Curie (1867-1934) was born in Warsaw, Poland. She was a very brilliant student. She received her education in Russia and France. She worked as a teacher, a lecturer, and a professor. Marie married Pierre Curie in 1895. They worked together and discovered polonium and radium. From 1898 to 1902, the Curies jointly and separately published 32 papers on science.

On the results of her research, Marie Curie received a Doctorate of Science in June 1903. Marie and Pierre together were awarded the Davy Medal of the Royal Society, London. Marie Curie had two – daughters, Irene and Eve. She wrote several books on radioactivity. She received two Nobel prizes. Marie’s contribution to physics lied been praise-worthy.

Marie was married to Pierre Curie in 1895. Both of them started working together. They achieved results of world significance. In 1898, her attention was drawn towards pitchblende. She began working on it with the help of her husband. They discovered two elements–polonium and radium. polonium was so named by Marie: in respect of her native land. Later, Pierre Curie diverted from this path, while Marie continued with her experiments. She obtained pure radium in the metallic state.

From 1898 to 1902, the Curies jointly and separately published 32 papers on science. These included the experiments they carried out together. One of these papers announced the use of radium for the treatment of tumors. Tumor-forming cells get destroyed faster than healthy cells whets exposed to radium. As a result of her research, Marie received a Doctorate of Science in June 1903. Marie and Pierre together were awarded the Davy Medal of the Royal Society, London.

She was appointed lecturer in Physics at the Ecole Normale Superieure for girls in Severs. She introduced a method of teaching based on experimental demonstrations. In 1904, she was appointed chief assistant in the laboratory directed by Pierre Curie. Her husband died in 1906 and she was appointed to her husband’s post as a professor.

She was blessed with two daughters, Irene and Eve. The birth of her daughters did not pose an interruption in her scientific work. Even the death of her husband did not let her down. During World War I, she developed the Use of X-radiography with the help of her daughter Irene. She made use of the X-ray apparatus to assist the sick.

In 1921, the President of the USA, Warren G. Harding presented her with a gram of radium. She delivered lectures on her subject in Belgium, Brazil, Spain, and Czechoslovakia. She was elected a member of the International Commission on Intellectual Co-operation by the Council of the League of Nations.

Marie Curie received two Nobel Prizes in two different disciplines: In 1903, she shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel for the discovery of radioactivity. In 1911, she was awarded the Noble Prize for Chemistry. Marie Curie died of blood cancer on July 4, 1934.

Marie Curie’s contribution to physics had been immense. Radioactive elements are not only used for the treatment of illness. They are also used for research in nuclear physics.