Essay, Biography or Paragraph on “Raja Ram Mohan Roy” complete biography for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Essay No. 01

India: Father of Indian Renaissance

Birth: 1772                 Death: 1833

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a zealous social reformer holding modern and progressive views. He stood firmly against all sorts of social bigotry, conservatism, and superstitions and advocated English and Western education for his countrymen. For these views, he was even expelled from his family. Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a great scholar too. He made a wide study of different religions of the world including Christianity and Islam. He also knew many languages viz. English, Persian, Arabic, Latin, French, and even Hebrew. He was also a great scholar of Bangla and translated Vedas and Upnishads into this language.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born in 1772, in a prosperous and orthodox Brahmin family at Hoogly (West Bengal). In 1805, Raja Ram Mohan Roy got employment in the British East India Company. He retired from this service in 1815 and thereafter settled in Calcutta devoting himself to social service. In 1830, Raja Ram Mohan Roy visited England to plead a case on behalf of the Moghul Emperor. The Moghul Emperor honored Ram Mohan Roy with the title of ‘Raja’.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy believed in the fundamental unity of all religions. In 1814, he founded Atmiya Samaj’ and in 1828, the ‘Brahmo Samaj’. Through these organizations, he wanted to expose the religious hypocrisies and to check the growing influence of Christianity on the Hindu Society.

By far, the greatest achievement of Raja Ram Mohan Roy as a social reformer was the abolition of ‘Safi’. It was due to the untiring efforts, involving considerable personal risks of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, that the then Governor-General of India, Lord William Bentinck abolished the practice of ‘Sad’ in 1829.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy has been rightly called the ‘Father of Indian Renaissance’ or the ‘Father of Indian Nationalism’. He died on 27th September 1833, in England.

Essay No. 02

Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born in 1772 in Bengal. He belonged to a prosperous and orthodox Brahmin family. Roy developed unorthodox religious ideas at an early age. As a youth, he traveled widely outside Bengal. He studied different languages and religions. e developed a liberal attitude towards different religions. He opposed idol worship. This attitude forced him to leave his house.

Roy studied Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, English, French, Latin, Hebrew, and Greek, He studied the Upanishads arid translated them into Bengali. He believed in the doctrine of one/God. In 1815, he bunded the short-lived Atmiya Sabha (Friendly Society) to propagate is doctrine and ideas. He read the Bible, especially the Old and the New Testaments. In 1820, he published the ethical teachings of Christ finder the title, Precepts of Jesus, the Guide to Peace and Happiness.

Roy was a religious reformer as well as a social reformer. He ought to eradicate the social evils prevalent in society. He sought to introduce what was good for society and the people. In 1816, e founded the Vedanta College in order to teach his Hindu doctrines. He opined that classical Indian literature would not prepare the youth or modern life. He proposed a modern, western educational curriculum. He was a pioneer in the introduction of Western education

In India. With the support of Justice Sir Hyde East, he founded the Hindu College in 1817. Later, it was ‘renamed Presidency College. In 1822, Roy founded the Anglo Hindu School.

Roy founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828. It aimed at removes the evil practices of Indian society. Roy denounced the practice of sati. Through his strong efforts, sati was banned by Lord William Bentinck. It was declared a legal offense. He also stood again polygamy, child marriage, purdah, etc. He defended the cause of widow-remarriage and women’s education.

In 1829, Roy went to England as the unofficial representative of the Titular king of Delhi. The king granted him the title of Raja. Roy wanted political freedom for India. But he knew the weaknesses of the Indian society. So, he was not in favor of the immediate demand for freedom. He was a keen observer of the British methods of political agitation.

 Roy advocated for the Indianisation of the British Indian Army and the separation of the judiciary from the executive. He suggests the codification of criminal and civil laws. He also suggested the British to consult Indians before initiating any law. He died in 1833.  Who rightly calls him, The `Father of Modern India’.