Download Sample Question Paper Solved of “Agriculture- Code 808” for Class 12 NSQF Vocational, CBSE Session 2021-2022.

Agriculture (Subject Code-808)
Sample Question Paper Solved of  “Agriculture- Code 808”
Max. Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 70

Section A: Objective Type Questions

Q. 1 Answer. any 4 out of the given 6 questions on Employability Skills (1 x 4 = 4 marks)

i. Which is not a step in active listening?
a. Contact b. Absorb c. Confirm d. Time
ii. Which is not a source of motivation?
Books b. Dreaming big c. Thinking of past d. Advice of parents
iii. For printing a document, you will press which key?
iv. Expand S.M.A.R.T
v. Which among the following is not there in formatting bar?
a. Font b. Alignment c. Border d. Print
vi. Which is a part of 4Rs of sustainable development?
a. Reproduce b. Refuse c. Reuse d. Recycle

Q. 2 Answer. any 7 out of the given 8 questions (1 x 7 = 7 marks)

i. Name any two coarse cereals of India.
ii. Name any two major Rabi cereal crops of India.
iii. Name TWO major pests of oil seed crops.
iv. Name any TWO nitrogen Fixing bacteria.
v. Name any two bio agents used for controlling Agricultural pests in India.
vi. Name any TWO value added product of wheat.
vii Name any two value added products that can be prepared from mango fruit.
viii. Write scientific name of button mushroom.

Q. 3 Answer. any 6 out of the given 7 questions (1 x 6 = 6 marks)

i. Name any two Bio fertilizer.
ii. Name the food given to honeybee queen.
iii. Name one earthworm species commercially used for making vermi-compost.
iv. Name any two Potassium containing fertilizers.
v. Name any two major pulses of India.
vi. Name any two major Kharif cereal crops of India.
vii. Where is the CSSRI (Central Soil Salinity Research Institute) located in India?

Q. 4 Answer. any 6 out of the given 7 questions (1 x 6 = 6 marks)

i. Name any two pests of rice.
ii. Name any two major cropping systems of India.
iii. Name any TWO value added product of tomato.
iv. Name any two value added products that can be prepared from aonla fruit.
v. Write scientific name of India honey bee.
vi. Name any two micro irrigation method.
vii. Name FOUR major plant nutrients.

Q. 5 Answer. any 6 out of the given 7 questions (1 x 6 = 6 marks)

i. Name two bio-fertilizers commercially used in India.
ii. Name any two phosphorus containing fertilizers.
iii. Name any three major oilseed crops of India.
iv. Name any three major cereal crops of India.
v. Where is the Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI) located in India?
vi Name any four micronutrients required for raising a healthy crop.

vii. Name any two major cropping systems of India.

Q. 6 Answer. any 6 out of the given 7 questions (1 x 6 = 6 marks)

i. Name any three major pulse crops of India.
ii. Name any two value added products that can be prepared from tomato fruit.
iii. Honey is produced by ……
iv. Name any two mushroom species.
v. Where is the National Centre of Organic Farming located in India?
vi. Name two important earthworm species used in vermi-composting.
vii. Name any two nitrogen containing fertilizers.

Section B: Subjective Type Questions

Answer. any 3 out of the given 5 questions on Employability Skills. (2 x 3 = 6 marks)

Answer. each question in 20 – 30 words.
Q. 7 Enlist parts of a speech.
Q. 8 Explain why self-motivation is important.
Q. 9 Explain why spreadsheet applications have become popular.
Q. 10 Enlist barriers to become an entrepreneur.
Q. 11 What are the roles of green jobs?

Answer. any 4out of the given 6 questions in 20 – 30 words each (2 x 4 = 8 marks)

Q. 12 Write TWO advantages of organic farming.
Q. 13 Define the term crop rotation.
Q. 14 Enlist major methods of irrigation.
Q. 15 Define Postharvest technology.
Q. 16 Explain the term ‘plant based bio-pesticides’ with examples.
Q. 17 Name different bee species which produce honey.

Answer. any 2 out of the given 3 questions in 30– 50 words each (3 x 2 = 6 marks)

Q. 18 Write THREE major functions of N in plants.
Q. 19 Enlist function of Sulphur nutrients.
Q. 20 Discuss the role of maturity in post-harvest management of fruits.

Answer. any 3 out of the given 5 questions in 60– 90 words each (5 x 3 = 12 marks)

Q. 21 What is integrated pest management? Discuss biological control of pests in detail.
Q. 22 Discuss Post harvest treatment for storage of cereal crops.
Q. 23 What is vermi-composting? Discuss its advantage.
Q. 24 Discuss types of garden.
Q. 25 What is post-harvest management? Discuss different steps involved in PHM of Fruit.

ANSWERS

SECTION A: OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

Q. 1 Answer. any 4 out of the given 6 questions on Employability Skills (1 x 4 = 4 marks)

i. ANSWER.
d. time

ii. ANSWER.
c. thinking of past

iii. ANSWER.
Ctl P

iv. ANSWER.
Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timely
)
v. ANSWER.
d. print

vi. ANSWER.
a. Reproduce

Q. 2 Answer. any 7 out of the given 8 questions (1 x 7 = 7 marks)

i. ANSWER.
Coarse cereals of India are: Sorghum, Bajra (Pearl millet), maize, Ragi (finger millet)

ii. ANSWER.
Major Rabi cereal crops of India: Wheat, barley

iii. ANSWER.
Major pests of oil seed crops: Aphids, white grub, cut worm, pod borer, jassids

iv. ANSWER.
Rhizobium, Azotobactor

v. ANSWER.
Bio-agents used for controlling Agricultural pests in India? Predator like lady bird beetle for many pests, Aphelinusmali for wooly apple aphid, Videlia beetle for controlling cottony cushion scale in citrus.

vi. ANSWER.
Commercial varieties of mango in North India: Dashehari, Langra, Chausa, Bombay Green etc.

vii ANSWER.
Value added products from mango fruit: Amchur, pickle, panna, squash, chutney, frooty etc.

viii. ANSWER.
Scientific name of button mushroom: Agaricus bisporus

Q. 3 Answer. any 6 out of the given 7 questions (1 x 6 = 6 marks)

i. ANSWER.
Rhizobium, PSB

ii. ANSWER.
Food given to honeybee queen: Royal Jelly.

iii. ANSWER.
Earthworm species for making vermi-compost: Red wigglers (Eisenia fetida) and red worms (Lumbricus rubellus)
iv. ANSWER.
Potassium containing fertilizers: Sulphate of potash (SOP) and MOP (Muriate of potash)

v. ANSWER.
Major pulses of India: Black gram, chickpea, moog, pigeon pea, peas

vi. ANSWER.
Major Kharif cereal crops of India: Paddy, maize

vii. ANSWER.
CSSRI is located at: Karnal

Q. 4 Answer. any 6 out of the given 7 questions (1 x 6 = 6 marks)

i. ANSWER.
Major pests of rice are: Plant hopper, leaf folder, stem borer etc.

ii. ANSWER.
Two major cropping systems are: Rice-wheat, maize-wheat

iii. ANSWER.
Sauce, ketchup

iv. ANSWER.
Value added products of aonla fruit are: Candy, RTS, pickle, preserve etc.

v. ANSWER.
Scientific name of India honey bee: Apis indica

vi. ANSWER.
Cucurbitaceous vegetables: Pumpkin, cucumber, round melon, musk melon, water melon, karela, tori etc.

vii. ANSWER.
Major plant nutrients: N,P,K, Ca, Mg, S etc.

Q. 5 Answer. any 6 out of the given 7 questions (1 x 6 = 6 marks)

i. ANSWER.
Bio-fertilizers commercially used in India: Rhizobium, VAM, Azotobacter, PSB

ii. ANSWER.
Phosphorus containing fertilizers: Single super phosphate, Double super
phosphate, triple super phosphate, Diammonium Phosphate (DAP), Mono
ammonium Phosphate (MAP)

iii. ANSWER.
Major oilseed crops of India: Mustard, Rapeseed, Sunflower, Soybean

iv. ANSWER.
Major cereal crops of India: Rice, wheat, maize, barley

v. ANSWER.
CPRI is located at : Shimla (Himachal Pradesh)

vi ANSWER.
Four micronutrients for crop are: Iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu)

vii. ANSWER.
Two major cropping systems of India are: Rice–wheat, Maize–wheat

Q. 6 Answer. any 6 out of the given 7 questions (1 x 6 = 6 marks)

i. ANSWER.
Major pulse crops of India are: Chickpea, pigeon pea, mungbean, Black gram, lentil, peas

ii. ANSWER.
Value added products of tomato are: Tomato sauce, tomato catch-up, chutney

iii. ANSWER.
Honey is produced by: Honey bees

iv. ANSWER.
Cole group vegetables are: Cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, knoll khol etc.

v. ANSWER.
National Centre of Organic Farming is located at: Ghaziabad (UP)

vi. ANSWER.
Earthworm species : Eisenia foetida, Eudriluseuginae

vii. ANSWER.
Nitrogen containing fertilizers: Urea, Calcium Ammonium Nitrate (CAN)

Section B: Subjective Type Questions

Answer. any 3 out of the given 5 questions on Employability Skills. (2 x 3 = 6 marks)
Answer. each question in 20 – 30 words.

Q. 7 ANSWER.
Parts of a speech are:
Eight parts of speech are :Noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction and interjection

Q. 8 ANSWER.
Self-motivation is important because
• It increases individual’s energy and activity.
• It directs an individual towards specific goals.
• It results in initiation and persistence of specific activities
•It affects cognitive processes and learning strategies used for completing similar tasks.

Q. 9 ANSWER.
Spreadsheet programs have become very popular because of the following features:
• Built in functions make calculations easier, faster and more accurate.
• Large volumes of data can be easily handled and manipulated.
• Data can be exported to or imported from other similar software applications
• Data can be easily represented in pictorial form like graphs or charts.
• Formulae cells get automatically recalculated whenever underlying data values are changed.

Q. 10 ANSWER.
Barriers to Becoming an Entrepreneur
• Lack of supportive and market
• Employee related difficulties
• Market entry regulations:
• Governmental rules
• Shortage of funds and resources
• Lack of Entrepreneurial Capacity:
• Lack of Adequate Entrepreneurship Training:
• Lack of Appropriate Technical and Practical Skills
• Fear of Failure

Q. 11 ANSWER.
Roles of green jobs
• In toxin free homes
• In improving energy and raw material use
• Limiting greenhouse gas emission
• Minimizing waste and pollution
• Protecting and restoring ecosystems
• Support adaptation to the effects of climate change

Answer. any 4 out of the given 6 questions in 20 – 30 words each (2 x 4 = 8 marks)

Q. 12 ANSWER.
Advantages of organic farming
• Farmers can reduce their production costs because they do not need to buy
expensive chemicals and fertilizers.
• Improvement in fertility status of soil.
• Improves soil structure and structure.
• Healthier farm workers.
• In the long term, organic farms save energy and protect the environment.
• It can slow down global warming.
• Fewer residues in food.

Q. 13 ANSWER.
Crop rotation is the practice of growing a series of dissimilar or different types of crops in the same area in sequenced seasons. It is done so that the soil of farms is not used for only one set of nutrients. It helps in reducing soil erosion and increases soil fertility and crop yield

Q. 14 ANSWER.
Major methods of irrigation
• Surface irrigation. Water is distributed over and across land by gravity, no
mechanical pump involved.
• Localized irrigation. …
• Drip irrigation. …
• Sprinkler irrigation

Q. 15 ANSWER.
Post-harvest technology is an inter-disciplinary “Science and Technique” applied to agricultural produce after harvest for its protection, conservation, processing, packaging, distribution, marketing, and utilization to meet the food and nutritional requirements of the people in relation to their needs.

Q. 16 ANSWER.
Plant based bio-pesticides
These are the plant derived naturally occurring phyto-chemical pesticides that control pests by various mechanisms with less or no harm to human beings and crop plants

Q. 17 ANSWER.
Bee species
1. The rock bee (Apis dorsata)
2. The Indian hive bee (Apis indica)
3. The little bee (Apis florae)
4. The European or Italian bee( Apis mellifera)

Answer. any 2 out of the given 3 questions in 30– 50 words each (3 x 2 = 6 marks)

Q. 18 ANSWER.
Major functions of N in plants are:
• It makes plant dark green & succulent.
• It promotes vegetative growth.
• it is a major component of chlorophyll, which helps in food making by photosynthesis.
• It is also a major component of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins.

Q. 19 ANSWER.
Major function of Sulphur in plants are
• Chlorosis of the longer leaves
• If deficiency is severe, Entire plant can be chlorotic and stunted
• Promotion of nodulation for N fixation by legumes
• It increases oil content in oil seed crops

Q. 20 ANSWER.
Role of maturity
• Immature fruit don’t develop adequate size, colour and flavour and poor quality and have less storage life.
• Over mature fruit develop several storage disorders with very low shelf life.

Answer. any 3 out of the given 5 questions in 60– 90 words each (5 x 3 = 12 marks)

Q. 21 ANSWER.
Integrated pest management
It is also known as integrated pest control (IPC) which is a broad-based approach that integrates practices for economic control of pests. IPM aims to suppress pest populations below the economic injury level (EIL).
Biological control of pests
Use of Predators: Predators catch and eat their prey. Some common predatory arthropods include ladybird beetles, carabidae (ground) beetles, big-eyed bugs, and spiders.
Use of Parasitoids: Parasitoids (sometimes called parasites) do not usually eat their hosts directly. Adult parasitoids of caterpillars and host insect, such as nectar or pollen.
Use of Pathogens: Pathogens are disease-causing organisms. with your certifier before using this. Several insect-pathogenic fungi are used as microbial control agents, … insect-parasitic (entomopathogenic or insecticidal) nematodes… to be effective

Q. 22 ANSWER.
a. Harvesting: – There is an optimum time for harvesting cereals, depending on the maturity of the crop and the climatic conditions. This has a significant effect on the quality of the grain during storage.Harvesting often begins before the grain is ripe and continues until mould and insect damage are prevalent. Grain not fully ripened contains a higher proportion of moisture and will deteriorate more quickly than mature grains because the enzyme systems are still active. Cereals are traditionally harvested manually. There are three main types of harvesting equipment for the small scale producer: manual, animal powered and engine powered. Harvested crops are left in the field for a few days to dry before further processing.

b. Threshing: – Threshing is the removal of grains from the rest of the plant. It involves three different operations: Separating the grain from the panicle; sorting the grain from the straw; winnowing the chaff from the grain. Separation of the grain from the panicle is the most energy-demanding of the three processes. It is the first process to have been mechanized. Sorting the grain from the straw is relatively easy, but is difficult to mechanise. Winnowing is relatively easy, both by hand and by machine. A range of engine powered threshers are available.

c. Winnowing: – Winnowing is the separation of the grains from the chaff or straw. It is traditionally carried out by lifting and tossing the threshed material so that the lighter chaff and straw get blown to one side while the heavier seeds fall down vertically. Hand-held winnowing baskets are used to shake the seeds to separate out the dirt and chaff. They are very effective, but slow. There is a range of winnowing machines that use a fan to create artificial wind. This speeds up the winnowing process. Some of these contain sieves and screens that grade the grains as well.

d. Drying: – Prior to storage or further processing, cereal grains need to be dried. The most cost-effective method is to spread out in the sun to dry. In humid climates it may be necessary to use an artificial dryer. Cereal grains should be dried to 10-15% moisture before storage.

Q. 23 ANSWER.
Vermi-composting: It is a method of using earthworms to transform organic waste into nutrient-rich fertilizers. It is a healthy and clean way to eliminate wastes materials, which improves the environment. Vermi-composting is inexpensive, and only takes two to three months to produce results.

Advantage of vermi-composting
1. Vermicompostis rich in all essential plant nutrients.
2. It improves soil texture, structure and aeration.
3. It neutralizes the soil protection.
4. Vermicompost is free flowering, easy to apply, handle and store.
5. Vermi-compost is rich in beneficial micro flora such as fixers, p- solubilizer.
6. Vermi-compost contains earthworms, cocoons and increases the population and activity.

Q. 24 ANSWER.

Types of garden
1.FORMAL STYLE
• The gardens of Greece and Rome assured an emotional security though their Formal style.
• The Italian renaissance garden was having intricate geometric, sheared trees, trimmed hedges and edges to create formality
• The impact of formalism influenced the French and British gardens also in the form of parierre, the much-divided flower beds.
2.INFORMAL STYLE
• Hindu Buddhist and Japanese garden laid no emphasis on formality.
• Brindavan of lord Krishna was a wood land.
• Every temple was provided with irregular shaped lotus tanks.
• Japanese developed an intensely national and naturalistic style of its own.
3.FREE STYLE
• This style combines the good points of both formal and informal style of gardening. Rose garden of Ludhiana is an example of this style of gardening.

Q. 25 ANSWER.

Post-harvest management
Post-harvest management comprises the various technologies and practices undergone by the farmer, farmers’ groups or cooperatives and/or agribusiness companies, from the field to the plate, to handle the crop production immediately following harvest, up to its final destination, such as storing, Transport, cleaning, sorting, processing and packing.
PHM of mango
• Harvesting at right stage of maturity as per end use.
• Harvesting in the morning hours
• Harvesting with a harvesting tool
• De-sapping
• Pre-cooling
• Sorting
• Grading
• Post-Harvest treatments (HWT, VHT, Chemical treatments etc.)
• Packing in CFB single layer boxes
• Storage at 10-13 ºC
• Transportation to distant markets.